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proxy or proxy is often referred to by the name of a proxy, a software that acts acting as an intermediary between server and client via the internet. Without the use of proxy servers, users could send a request for any source directly through the server, and then the server would deliver the requested resource directly to the user. Although this method is easy to understand and use, but the addition of proxy servers may provide benefits in terms of better performance, privacy, security, and many more. In addition to adding a layer of protection it also serves as a gatekeeper to the internet, separating clients and servers.




In general, the combined bundle of server hardware with an installed software proxy is commonly referred to as a proxy server. In this article, we'll concentrate on proxies that are typically classified as software, and in relation to web server. You will get a breakdown of the two main types of proxies, which are a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type of proxy has its own unique usage scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the overlapping naming convention.




This article will provide you with the knowledge of what proxies and their subtypes are and the ways they can be beneficial in various configurations. Through this article, you'll be able discern the scenarios where it is beneficial to use a proxy and decide on the appropriate alternative between forward and reverse proxy depending on the situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



A forward proxy also referred to by the name of open proxy. An open proxy is a proxy for an individual trying to make a request via the internet to a source server. In this situation, any attempt to send requests made by the user will be routed through an forward proxy. The forward proxy, in the client's stead, will examine the request. It first decides if the client has been granted permission to receive requests from this particular forward proxy. Then, it will either refuse requests or redirect it to the source server. It's not able to direct connection to the internet. It can only access what forward proxy allows the forward proxy to connect.




A typical use of forward proxy is the need for greater security or privacy when online. Forward proxy connects to web as a user, and through this manner, it connects an alternate IP address for your client's IP address.




Based on the way it has been configured according to the way it was configured forward proxy can provide a wide range of options, allowing users to:




Do not click on ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine restrictions based upon your geolocation.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems to provide central security as well as access permissions, such as in a workplace. The entire internet can go through an open forward proxy. administrators are able to grant access for specific individuals to access the web. This is then filtered by the standard firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls on clients, this can be used by several computers that have different settings and users A firewall can be located in this forward proxy layer.




It is important to know that forward proxies require manual setup for their use, however reverse proxies won't be detected by the user. Depending on whether your IP address a client is transmitted to the original server through forward proxy Privacy and anonymity can be granted or kept in the dark.




There are a variety of options to consider when considering forward proxies.




Apache: A popular open-source web server that offers forward proxy functions.


Nginx: Another well-known open-source web server that has forward proxy functions.


Squid: An free forward proxy which makes use of an HTTP protocol. It's not part of the complete web server. There is a step-bystep guide to set up Squid proxy for secure connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP, making it ideal for scenarios such as peer-to-peer connections. You could also examine the steps to install a Dante proxy that will allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy functions as an intermediary for a web server, handling the incoming requests of clients in its place. It can be used as a one server, or multiple servers. Furthermore, it could include an application servers, like Gunicorn. In any case it is possible to receive an inquiry from a client via the web at large. In most cases the request will be directed directly to the web server hosting the data the customer is seeking. Instead, a reverse proxy serves as an intermediary that blocks your website server from communicating with the internet's public.




From a consumer's point of perspective, which is also from a user's perspective, interacting via reverse proxy isn't any different from connecting to the server in its own. It's basically the same as the web server, and the user isn't able to tell the difference. Clients can request the resource and receive it, with no further configuration from the user.




Reverse proxies grant features like:




Security centralized for web servers.


Controlling traffic coming in according to rules you design.


A new feature for caching has been added.




While centralized security is a benefit for both forward and reverse proxy, reverse proxies perform this function to servers on the internet, but not to the client layer. Instead of implementing firewalls at the layer of web servers, which could include multiple servers that have different configurations, most of the firewall security is centered on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation of interfacing with a firewall and interacting with requests from clients without web servers lets them concentrate on addressing the needs of their clients.




In the event of multiple servers hosting through a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also takes care of directing which requests go on which server. Multiple servers may be offering the same service, but each offering different kinds of resources, or a combination of both. They can utilize the HTTP protocol similarly to traditional web servers, but they can also be outfitted with applications server protocols such as FastCGI. You can set up a reverse proxy to direct users to specific servers depending on the requested resource, or to observe certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxy solutions can also profit from their placement on the web servers with caching capabilities. Large static files can be arranged by caching rules to ensure that web servers are not hit with every request. Certain solutions allow the server to serve static files directly without having to connect to the web server in any way. Additionally the reverse proxy is able to compress these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server is also used as a well-known reverse proxy solution. Although it is true that the Apache web server comes with reverse proxy function, it's a different option for Apache in contrast to Nginx was originally designed to and focused on reverse proxy capabilities.



Distinguishing Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Use Cases



Since "forward" and "reverse" are associated with an impression of directionality, they can lead to misleading comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic. These terms can be confusing since each type of proxy handles requests and responses. An alternative approach to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy services is to take into account the needs of the application you're developing.




Reverse proxy is an important aspect when developing an infrastructure to connect web-based applications to the internet. They are your web servers during any interaction with the internet.




Forward proxy software is useful when they are placed in front of clients to use for personal purposes, or even in a working environment. They can be used to represent your client's traffic when you use the internet.




The use case-based differentiation rather than focusing exclusively on common naming conventions can ensure that you don't get confused.



Conclusion



This article defined what an "proxy" is with the two primary kinds being reverse and forward proxies. Practical applications as well as a summary of the beneficial features was utilized to distinguish between forward proxy as well as reverse proxy. If you're considering how to implement proxies you should read our guide on how to set up Nginx as a web server and reverse proxy on Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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